Français | English

Europe Solidaire Sans Frontières

    • Issues
      • Health (Issues)
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Issues)
          • AIDS / HIV (Health)
          • Dengue (epidemics, health)
          • Mpox / Monkeypox (epidemics, health)
          • Poliomyelitis (epidemics, health)
          • Respiratory viral infections (epidemics, health)
          • Tuberculosis (epidemics, health)
        • Health and Climate crisis
        • Tobacco (health)
      • Individuals
        • Franz Fanon
        • Michael Löwy
      • Solidarity
        • Solidarity: ESSF campaigns
          • ESSF financial solidarity – Global balance sheets
          • Funds (ESSF)
          • Global Appeals
          • Bangladesh (ESSF)
          • Burma, Myanmar (ESSF)
          • Indonesia (ESSF)
          • Japan (ESSF)
          • Malaysia (ESSF)
          • Nepal (ESSF)
          • Pakistan (ESSF)
          • Philippines (ESSF)
        • Solidarity: Geo-politics of Humanitarian Relief
        • Solidarity: Humanitarian and development CSOs
        • Solidarity: Humanitarian Disasters
        • Solidarity: Humanitarian response: methodologies and principles
        • Solidarity: Political economy of disaster
      • Capitalism & globalisation
        • History (Capitalism)
      • Civilisation & identities
        • Civilisation & Identities: unity, equality
      • Ecology (Theory)
        • Global Crisis / Polycrisis (ecology)
        • Growth / Degrowth (Ecology)
        • Animals’ Condition (Ecology)
        • Biodiversity (Ecology)
        • Climate (Ecology)
        • Commodity (Ecology)
        • Ecology, technology: Transport
        • Energy (Ecology)
        • Energy (nuclear) (Ecology)
          • Chernobyl (Ecology)
        • Forests (ecology)
        • Technology (Ecology)
        • Water (Ecology)
      • Agriculture
        • GMO & co. (Agriculture)
      • Commons
      • Communication and politics, Media, Social Networks
      • Culture and Politics
        • Sinéad O’Connor
      • Democracy
      • Development
        • Demography (Development)
        • Extractivism (Development)
        • Growth and Degrowth (Development)
      • Education (Theory)
      • Faith, religious authorities, secularism
        • Family, women (Religion, churches, secularism)
          • Religion, churches, secularism: Reproductive rights
        • Abused Children (Religion, churches, secularism)
        • Blasphemy (Faith, religious authorities, secularism)
        • Creationism (Religion, churches, secularism)
        • History (Religion, churches, secularism)
        • LGBT+ (Religion, churches, secularism)
        • Liberation Theology
          • Gustavo Gutiérrez
        • Marxism (Religion, churches, secularism)
        • Political Islam, Islamism (Religion, churches, secularism)
        • Secularism, laïcity
        • The veil (faith, religious authorities, secularism)
        • Vatican
          • Francis / Jorge Mario Bergoglio
      • Fascism, extreme right
      • Gender: Women
      • History
        • History: E. P. Thompson
      • Holocaust and Genocide Studies
      • Imperialism (theory)
      • Information Technology (IT)
      • Internationalism (issues)
        • Solidarity: Pandemics, epidemics (health, internationalism)
      • Jewish Question
        • History (Jewish Question)
      • Labor & Social Movements
      • Language
      • Law
        • Exceptional powers (Law)
        • Religious arbitration forums (Law)
        • Rules of war
        • War crimes, genocide (international law)
        • Women, family (Law)
      • LGBT+ (Theory)
      • Marxism & co.
        • Theory (Marxism & co.)
        • Postcolonial Studies / Postcolonialism (Marxism & co.)
        • Identity Politics (Marxism & co.)
        • Intersectionality (Marxism & co.)
        • Marxism and Ecology
        • Africa (Marxism)
        • France (Marxism)
        • Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels
      • National Question
      • Oceans (Issues)
      • Parties: Theory and Conceptions
      • Patriarchy, family, feminism
        • Ecofeminism (Patriarchy, family, feminism)
        • Fashion, cosmetic (Patriarchy, family, feminism)
        • Feminism & capitalism (Patriarchy, family, feminism)
        • Language (Patriarchy, family, feminism)
        • Prostitution (Patriarchy, family, feminism)
        • Reproductive Rights (Patriarchy, family, feminism)
        • Violence against women (Patriarchy, family, feminism)
        • Women and Health ( (Patriarchy, family, feminism)
        • Women, work (Patriarchy, family, feminism)
      • Political Strategy
      • Politics: Bibliographies
      • Politics: International Institutions
      • Psychology and politics
      • Racism, xenophobia, differentialism
      • Science and politics
        • Michael Burawoy
      • Sciences & Knowledge
        • Artificial Intelligence
        • Physics (science)
        • Sciences (Life)
          • Evolution (Life Sciences)
            • Stephen Jay Gould
      • Sexuality
      • Social Formation, classes, political regime, ideology
        • Populism (Political regime, ideology)
      • Sport and politics
      • The role of the political
      • Transition: before imperialism
      • Transitional Societies (modern), socialism
      • Wars, conflicts, violences
      • Working Class, Wage labor, income, organizing
    • Movements
      • Analysis & Debates (Movements)
        • Epidemics, pandemics (Movements)
        • History of people’s movements (Movements)
      • Asia (Movements)
        • Globalization (Movements, Asia) (Movements)
        • APISC (Movements, Asia)
        • Asian Social Forum (Movements, Asia)
        • Asian Social Movements (Movements, Asia)
        • Counter-Summits (Movements, Asia)
        • Free Trade (Movements, Asia)
        • IIRE Manila (Movements, Asia)
        • In Asean (Movements, Asia)
        • People’s SAARC / SAAPE (Movements, Asia)
        • Social Protection Campaigns (Movements, Asia)
        • The Milk Tea Alliance
        • Women (Asia, movements)
      • World level (Movements)
        • Feminist Movements
          • Against Fundamentalisms (Feminist Movements)
          • Epidemics / Pandemics (Feminist Movements, health)
          • History of Women’s Movements
          • Rural, peasant (Feminist Movements)
          • World March of Women (Feminist Movements)
        • Anti-fascism Movements (international)
        • Asia-Europe People’s Forums (AEPF) (Movements)
        • Ecosocialist Networks (Movements, World)
        • Indignants (Movements)
        • Intercoll (Movements, World)
        • Internationals (socialist, communist, revolutionary) (Movements, World)
          • International (Fourth) (Movements, World)
            • Ernest Mandel
            • Livio Maitan
            • Women (Fourth International)
            • Youth (Fourth International)
          • International (Second) (1889-1914) (Movements, World)
          • International (Third) (Movements, World)
            • Baku Congress (1920)
            • Communist Cooperatives (Comintern)
            • Krestintern: Comintern’s Peasant International
            • Red Sport International (Sportintern) (Comintern)
            • The Communist Youth International (Comintern)
            • The Red International of Labour Unions (RILU) (Comintern)
            • The ‘International Workers Aid’ (IWA / MRP)
            • Women (Comintern)
        • Internet, Hacktivism (Movements, World)
        • Labor & TUs (Movements, World)
          • Epidemics, pandemics (TUs, international) (Movements, World)
        • Radical Left (Movements, World)
          • IIRE (Movements, World)
          • Movements: Sal Santen (obituary)
          • Radical Parties’ Network (Movements, World)
        • Social Movements Network (Movements, World)
        • World Days of Action (Movements)
        • World Social Forum (Movements)
      • Africa (Movements)
        • Forum of the People (Movements)
      • America (N&S) (Movements)
        • Latin America (Mouvments)
        • US Social Forum (Movements)
      • Europe (Movements)
        • Alter Summit (Movements, Europe)
        • Anti-Austerity/Debt NetworksAlter Summit (Movements, Europe)
        • Anti-G8/G20 in EuropeAlter Summit (Movements)
        • Counter-Summits to the EUAlter Summit (Movements, Europe)
        • Free TradeAlter Summit (Movements, Europe)
        • Movements: European Social Forum
      • Mediterranean (Movements, MEAN)
        • Mediterranean Social Forum (Movements)
        • Political Left (Movements, MEAN)
      • Agriculture & Peasantry (Movements)
        • Women (Movements, Peasantry)
      • Antiwar Struggles (Movements)
        • History of antimilitarism (Movements)
        • Military Bases (Movements)
        • Nuclear Weapon, WMD (Movements)
      • Common Goods & Environment (Movements)
        • Biodiversity (Movements)
        • Climate (Movements)
        • Ecosocialist International Networky (Movements)
        • Nuclear (energy) (Movements)
          • AEPF “No-Nuke” Circle (Movements)
        • Water (Movements)
      • Debt, taxes & Financial Institutions (Movements)
        • IMF (Movements)
        • World Bank (Movements)
      • Health (Movements)
        • Women’s Health (Movements)
        • Asbestos (Movements, health, World)
        • Drugs (Movements, health, World)
        • Epidemics (Movements, health, World)
        • Health & Work (Movements, health, World)
        • Health and social crisis (Movements, health, World)
        • Nuclear (Movements, health, World)
        • Pollution (Movements, health, World)
      • Human Rights & Freedoms (Movements, World)
        • Women’s Rights (Movements, HR)
        • Corporate HR violations (Movements, HR)
        • Disability (Movements, HR)
        • Exceptional Powers (Movements, HR)
        • Justice, law (Movements, HR)
        • Media, Internet (Movements, HR)
        • Non-State Actors (Movements, World)
        • Police, weapons (Movements, HR)
        • Rights of free meeting (Movements, HR)
        • Secret services (Movements, HR)
      • LGBT+ (Movements, World)
      • Parliamentary field (Movements, health, World)
      • Social Rights, Labor (Movements)
        • Reclaim People’s Dignity (Movements)
        • Urban Rights (Movements)
      • TNCs, Trade, WTO (Movements)
        • Cocoa value chain (Movements)
    • World
      • The world today (World)
      • Global Crisis / Polycrisis (World)
      • Global health crises, pandemics (World)
        • Epidemics, pandemics (economic crisis, World)
      • Economy (World)
        • Financial and economic crisis (World)
          • Car industry, transport (World)
        • Technologies (Economy)
      • Extreme right, fascism, fundamentalism (World)
      • History (World)
      • Migrants, refugees (World)
      • Military (World)
      • Terrorism (World)
    • Africa
      • Africa Today
        • ChinAfrica
      • Environment (Africa)
        • Biodiversity (Africa)
      • Religion (Africa)
      • Women (Africa)
      • Economy (Africa)
      • Epidemics, pandemics (Africa)
      • History (Africa)
        • Amilcar Cabral
      • Sahel Region
      • Angola
        • Angola: History
      • Burkina Faso
      • Cameroon
        • Cameroon: LGBT+
      • Capo Verde
      • Central African Republic (CAR)
      • Chad
      • Congo Kinshasa (DRC)
        • Patrice Lumumba
      • Djibouti (Eng)
      • Eritrea
      • Ethiopia
      • Gambia
      • Ghana
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Ghana)
        • Ghana: LGBT+
      • Guinea (Conakry)
      • Ivory Coast
      • Kenya
        • History (Kenya)
        • Kenya: WSF 2007
        • Left forces (Kenya)
        • LGBT+ (Kenya)
        • Women (Kenya)
      • Lesotho
      • Liberia
        • Liberia: LGBT+
      • Madagascar
      • Mali
        • Women (Mali)
        • History (Mali)
      • Mauritania
      • Mauritius
        • Women (Mauritius)
      • Mayotte
      • Mozambique
      • Namibia
      • Niger
        • Niger: Nuclear
      • Nigeria
        • Women (Nigeria)
        • Pandemics, epidemics (health, Nigeria)
      • Réunion
      • Rwanda
        • The genocide of the Tutsi in Rwanda
      • Sahel (Eng)
      • Senegal
        • Women (Senegal)
      • Seychelles
      • Sierra Leone
        • Sierra Leone: LGBT+
      • Somalia
        • Women (Somalia)
      • South Africa
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, South Africa)
        • On the Left (South Africa)
          • David Sanders
          • Mark Thabo Weinberg
          • Nelson Mandela
          • Steve Biko
        • Women (South Africa)
        • Culture (South Africa)
        • Ecology, Environment (South Africa)
        • Economy, social (South Africa)
        • History (Freedom Struggle and first years of ANC government) (South Africa)
        • Institutions, laws (South Africa)
        • Labour, community protests (South Africa)
          • Cosatu (South Africa)
          • SAFTU (South Africa)
        • Land reform and rural issues (South Africa)
        • LGBTQ+ (South Africa)
        • Students (South Africa)
      • South Sudan
        • Ecology (South Sudan)
      • Sudan
        • Women (Sudan)
      • Tanzania
      • Uganda
        • Uganda: LGBT
      • Zambia
      • Zimbabwe
        • Women (Zimbabwe)
    • Americas
      • Ecology (Latin America)
      • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Latin America)
      • History (Latin America)
      • Indigenous People (Latin America)
      • Latin America (Latin America)
      • LGBT+ (Latin America)
      • Migrations (Latin America)
      • Women (Latin America)
      • Amazonia
      • Antilles / West Indies
      • Argentina
        • Diego Maradona
        • Economy (Argentina)
        • History (Argentina)
          • Daniel Pereyra
        • Women (Argentina)
          • Reproductive Rights (Women, Argentina)
      • Bahamas
        • Bahamas: Disasters
      • Bolivia
        • Women (Bolivia)
        • Orlando Gutiérrez
      • Brazil
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Brazil)
        • Women (Brazil)
          • Reproductive Rights (Brazil)
        • Ecology (Brazil)
        • Economy (Brazil)
        • History (Brazil)
        • History of the Left (Brazil)
          • Marielle Franco
        • Indigenous People (Brazil)
        • Justice, freedoms (Brazil)
        • Labor (Brazil)
        • LGBT+ (Brazil)
        • Rural (Brazil)
        • World Cup, Olympics, social resistances (Brazil)
      • Canada & Quebec
        • Women (Canada & Quebec)
        • Ecology (Canada & Quebec)
        • Far Right / Extreme Right (Canada, Quebec)
        • Fundamentalism & secularism (Canada & Quebec)
        • Health (Canada & Québec)
          • Pandemics, epidemics (Health, Canada & Québec)
        • History
        • Indigenous People (Canada & Quebec)
        • LGBT+ (Canada & Quebec)
        • On the Left (Canada & Quebec)
          • Biographies (Left, Canada, Quebec)
            • Bernard Rioux
            • Ernest (‘Ernie’) Tate & Jess Mackenzie
            • Leo Panitch
            • Pierre Beaudet
        • Social movements (Canada, Quebec)
      • Caribbean
      • Chile
        • Women (Chile)
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Chile)
        • History (Chile)
          • Marta Harnecker
          • Pinochet Dictatorship
          • Victor Jara
        • LGBT+ (Chile)
        • Natural Disasters (Chile)
      • Colombia
        • Women (Colombia)
          • Reproductive Rights (Columbia)
        • Pandemics, epidemics (Colombia, Health)
      • Costa Rica
      • Cuba
        • Women, gender (Cuba)
        • Ecology (Cuba)
        • Epidemics / Pandemics (health, Cuba)
        • History (Cuba)
          • Che Guevara
            • Che Guevara (obituary)
          • Cuban Revolution (History)
          • Fidel Castro
        • LGBT+ (Cuba)
      • Ecuador
        • Women (Ecuador)
        • Ecology (Ecuador)
        • Humanitarian Disasters (Ecuador)
      • El Salvador
        • Women (El Salvador)
        • El Salvador: Salvadorian Revolution and Counter-Revolution
      • Grenada
      • Guatemala
        • History (Guatemala)
        • Mining (Guatemala)
        • Women (Guatemala)
      • Guiana (French)
      • Haiti
        • Women (Haiti)
        • Haiti: History
        • Haiti: Natural Disasters
      • Honduras
        • Women (Honduras)
        • Berta Cáceres
        • Honduras: History
        • Honduras: LGBT+
        • Juan López (Honduras)
      • Jamaica
      • Mexico
        • Women (Mexico)
        • Disasters (Mexico)
        • Epidemics / Pandemics (health, Mexico)
        • History of people struggles (Mexico)
          • Rosario Ibarra
        • The Left (Mexico)
          • Adolfo Gilly
      • Nicaragua
        • Women (Nicaragua)
        • History (Nicaragua)
          • Fernando Cardenal
        • Nicaragua: Nicaraguan Revolution
      • Panamá
      • Paraguay
        • Women (Paraguay)
      • Peru
        • Hugo Blanco
      • Puerto Rico
        • Disasters (Puerto Rico)
        • The Left (Puerto Rico)
      • Uruguay
        • Women (Uruguay)
        • History (Uruguay)
        • Labour Movement (Uruguay)
      • USA
        • Women (USA)
          • History (Feminism, USA)
          • Reproductive Rights (Women, USA)
          • Violence (women, USA)
        • Disasters (USA)
        • Far Right, Religious Right (USA)
        • Health (USA)
          • Children (health)
          • Epidemics, pandemics (health, USA)
        • On the Left (USA)
          • Health (Left, USA)
          • History (Left)
          • Solidarity / Against the Current (USA)
          • The Democratic Socialists of America (DSA)
          • Biographies, History (Left, USA)
            • History: SWP and before (USA)
            • Angela Davis
            • Barbara Dane
            • bell hooks (En)
            • C.L.R. James
            • Dan La Botz
            • Daniel Ellsberg
            • David Graeber
            • Ellen Meiksins Wood
            • Ellen Spence Poteet
            • Erik Olin Wright
            • Frederic Jameson
            • Gabriel Kolko
            • Gus Horowitz
            • Herbert Marcuse
            • Immanuel Wallerstein
            • James Cockcroft
            • Joanna Misnik
            • John Lewis
            • Kai Nielsen
            • Larry Kramer
            • Malcolm X
            • Marshall Berman
            • Martin Luther King
            • Michael Lebowitz
            • Mike Davis
            • Norma Barzman
            • Richard Wright
        • Secularity, religion & politics
        • Social Struggles, labor (USA)
          • Epidemics / Pandemics (health, Social struggles, USA)
        • Agriculture (USA)
        • Ecology (USA)
        • Economy, social (USA)
        • Education (USA)
        • Energy (USA)
        • Foreign Policy, Military, International Solidarity (USA)
        • History (USA)
          • Henry Kissinger
          • History of people’s struggles (USA)
          • Jimmy Carter
          • Trump, trumpism (USA)
        • Housing (USA)
        • Human Rights, police, justice (USA)
        • Human Rights: Guantanamo (USA)
        • Human Rights: Incarceration (USA)
        • Indian nations and indigenous groups (USA)
        • Institutions, political regime (USA)
        • LGBT+ (USA)
        • Migrant, refugee (USA)
        • Persons / Individuals (USA)
          • Donald Trump (USA)
          • Laura Loomer
        • Racism (USA)
          • Arabes (racism, USA)
          • Asians (racism, USA)
          • Blacks (racism, USA)
          • Jews (racism, USA)
        • Science (USA)
        • Violences (USA)
      • Venezuela
        • Women (Venezuela)
        • Ecology (Venezuela)
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Venezuela)
    • Asia
      • Disasters (Asia)
      • Ecology (Asia)
      • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Asia)
      • History
      • Women (Asia)
      • Asia (Central, ex-USSR)
        • Kazakhstan
          • Women (Kazakhstan)
        • Kyrgyzstan
          • Women (Kyrgyzstan)
        • Tajikistan
        • Uzbekistan
      • Asia (East & North-East)
      • Asia (South, SAARC)
        • Ecology (South Asia)
          • Climate (ecology, South Asia)
        • Economy, debt (South Asia)
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, South Asia)
        • LGBT+ (South Asia)
        • Religious fundamentalism
        • Women (South Asia)
      • Asia (Southeast, ASEAN)
        • Economy, social (Southeast Asia, ASEAN)
        • Health (Southeast Asia, ASEAN)
          • Epidemics, pandemics (health, South East Asia, ASEAN))
      • Asia economy & social
        • Epidemics / Pandemics (health, Asia)
      • Economy & Labour (Asia)
      • On the Left (Asia)
      • Afghanistan
        • Women, patriarchy, sharia (Afghanistan)
        • History, society (Afghanistan)
        • On the Left (Afghanistan)
      • Bangladesh
        • Health (Bangladesh)
          • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Bangladesh)
        • Ecological Disasters, climate (Bangladesh)
        • Fundamentalism & secularism (Bangladesh)
        • The Left (Bangladesh)
          • Abdus Satter Khan
          • Badruddin Umar
          • Ila Mitra
        • Women (Bangladesh)
        • Economy (Bangladesh)
        • History (Bangladesh)
        • Human Rights (Bangladesh)
        • Indigenous People (Bangladesh)
        • Labour (Bangladesh)
          • Industrial Disasters (Bangladesh)
        • LGBT+ (Bangladesh)
        • Nuclear (Bangladesh)
        • Rohingya (refugee, Bangladesh)
        • Rural & Fisherfolk (Bangladesh)
      • Bhutan
        • LGT+ (Bhutan)
        • Women (Bhutan)
      • Brunei
        • Women, LGBT+, Sharia, (Brunei)
      • Burma / Myanmar
        • Arakan / Rakine (Burma)
          • Rohingyas (Burma/Myanmar)
        • Buddhism / Sanga
        • CSOs (Burma / Mynamar)
        • Economy (Burma/Myanmar)
        • Health (Burma / Myanmar)
          • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Burma/Myanmar)
        • History (Burma/Myanmar)
          • History of struggles (Burma/Myanmar)
        • Labor (Burma/Myanmar)
        • Migrants (Burma/Myanmar)
        • Natural Disasters (Burma/Myanmar)
        • Women (Burma/Myanmar)
      • Cambodia
        • Women (Cambodia)
        • Epidemics / Pandemics (health, Cambodia)
        • History (Cambodia)
          • The Khmers rouges (Cambodia)
        • Labour / Labor (Cambodia)
        • Rural (Cambodia)
        • Urban (Cambodia)
      • China (PRC)
        • Health (China)
          • Epidemics, pandemics (health, China)
        • Political situation (China)
        • China Today
        • Global Rise (China)
          • Military expansion (China)
          • Silk Roads/OBOR/BRICS (China)
          • World Economy (China)
          • China & Africa
          • China & Europe
            • China and the Russian War in Ukraine
          • China & Japan
          • China & Latin America
          • China & MENA
          • China & North America
          • China & Russia
          • China & South Asia
          • China & Southeast Asia
          • China § Asia-Pacific
          • China, ASEAN & the South China Sea
          • China, Korea, & North-East Asia
        • On the Left (China)
        • Women (China)
        • China § Xinjiang/East Turkestan
        • Civil Society (China)
        • Demography (China)
        • Ecology and environment (China)
        • Economy, technology (China)
        • History (China)
          • History pre-XXth Century (China)
          • History XXth Century (China)
            • Beijing Summer Olympic Games 2008
            • Chinese Trotskyists
              • Wang Fanxi / Wang Fan-hsi
              • Zheng Chaolin
            • Foreign Policy (history, China)
            • Transition to capitalism (history , China)
        • Human Rights, freedoms (China)
        • Labour and social struggles (China)
        • LGBT+ (China)
        • Religion & Churches (China)
        • Rural, agriculture (China)
        • Social Control, social credit (China)
        • Social Protection (China)
        • Sport and politics (China)
          • Beijing Olympic Games
      • China: Hong Kong SAR
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Hong Kong)
        • History (Hong Kong)
        • LGBT+ (Hong Kong)
        • Migrants (Hong Kong)
      • China: Macao SAR
      • East Timor
        • East Timor: News Updates
      • India
        • Political situation (India)
        • Caste, Dalits & Adivasis (India)
          • Adivasi, Tribes (India)
          • Dalits & Other Backward Castes (OBC) (India)
        • Fundamentalism, communalism, extreme right, secularism (India)
        • Health (India)
          • Epidemics, pandemics (health, India)
        • North-East (India)
        • The Left (India)
          • MN Roy
          • Stan Swamy (India)
          • The Left: ML Updates (DISCONTINUED) (India)
          • Trupti Shah (obituary) (India)
        • Women (India)
        • Antiwar & nuclear (India)
        • Digital Rights (India)
        • Ecology & Industrial Disasters (India)
        • Ecology and climate crisis (India)
        • Economy & Globalisation (India)
        • Energy, nuclear (India)
        • History (up to 1947) (India)
          • Baghat Singh (India)
          • Gandhi
        • History after 1947 (India)
        • Human Rights & Freedoms (India)
        • International Relations (India)
        • Labor, wage earners, TUs (India)
        • LGBT+ (India)
        • Military (India)
        • Narmada (India)
        • Natural Disaster (India)
        • Refugees (India)
        • Regional Politics (South Asia) (India)
        • Rural & fisherfolk (India)
        • Social Forums (India)
        • Social Protection (India)
        • Urban (India)
      • Indonesia & West Papua
        • Epidemics / Pandemics (health, Indonesia)
        • Papua (Indonesia)
          • Pandemics, epidemics (health, West Papua)
        • The Left (Indonesia)
        • Women (Indonesia)
        • Common Goods (Indonesia)
        • Ecology (Indonesia)
        • Economy (Indonesia)
        • Fundamentalism, sharia, religion (Indonesia)
        • History before 1965 (Indonesia)
        • History from 1945 (Indonesia)
          • Tan Malaka
        • History: 1965 and after (Indonesia)
        • Human Rights (Indonesia)
          • MUNIR Said Thalib (Indonesia)
        • Indigenous People (Indonesia)
        • Indonesia / East Timor News Digests DISCONTINUED
          • Indonesia Roundup DISCONTINUED
        • Labor, urban poor (Indonesia)
          • History (labour, Indonesia)
        • LGBT+ (Indonesia)
        • Natural Disaster (Indonesia)
        • Rural & fisherfolk (Indonesia)
        • Student, youth (Indonesia)
      • Japan
        • Political situation (Japan)
        • Health (Japan)
          • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Japan)
        • Okinawa (Japan)
        • Women (Japan)
        • Anti-war movement (Japan)
        • Culture, society (Japan)
        • Disasters (Japan)
        • Ecology (Japan)
        • Economy (Japan)
        • Energy, nuclear (Japan)
        • Extreme right, fascism (Japan)
        • History (Japan)
          • Hiroshima & Nagasaki (history, Japan)
          • History of people’s struggles (Japan)
        • Human Rights (Japan)
        • Institutions (Japan)
        • International Relations (Japan)
        • Labor & TUs (Japan)
        • LGBT+ (Japan)
        • Migrants (Japan)
        • Military, Nuclear weapon (Japan)
        • On the Left (Japan)
          • JCP (the Left, Japan)
          • JRCL (the Left, Japan)
            • Yoshichi Sakai
        • Racism (Japan)
        • Tokyo Olympics
        • Underworld (Japan)
      • Kashmir (India, Pakistan)
        • Kashmir: Pakistan
        • Kashmir: K&J, Ladakh, India
      • Korea
        • Antiwar, military bases (Korea)
        • History (Korea)
        • Korean Crisis (Geopolitics)
        • North Korea
          • Pandemics, epidemics (North Korea)
        • South Korea
          • Epidemics (health, South Korea)
          • Women (South Korea)
          • Ecology, common goods (South Korea)
          • Free Trade, FTA & WTO (South Korea)
          • History (South Korea)
          • Labor & co. (South Korea)
          • LGBTQ+ (South Korea)
          • Migrant (South Korea)
          • Nuclear (South Korea)
          • Rural & fisherfolk (South Korea)
          • The Left (South Korea)
      • Laos
        • Sombath Somephone
      • Malaysia
        • Women, family (Malaysia)
        • Clean elections, clean government! (Malaysia)
        • Ecology (Malaysia)
        • Health ( Malaysia)
          • Malaysia: Epidemics, pandemics (health, Malaysia)
        • History (Malaysia)
        • Labor, TUs & people’s movements (Malaysia)
        • LGBT+ (Malaysia)
        • Malaysian international solidarity initiatives
        • Migrant, Refugee (Malaysia)
        • Religion, law, fundamentalism (Malaysia)
        • The Left (Malaysia)
          • The Left: PSM (Malaysia)
      • Maldives
      • Mongolia
      • Nepal
        • Women (Nepal)
        • Background articles (Nepal)
        • Ecology, Climate (Nepal)
        • Humanitarian Disasters (Nepal)
        • Rural (Nepal)
      • Pakistan
        • Balochistan (Pakistan)
        • Gilgit Baltistan (Pakistan)
          • Baba Jan (Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan)
        • Health (Pakistan)
          • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Pakistan)
        • Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (NWFP - Pakistan)
        • Women (Pakistan)
          • Women & Labor (Pakistan)
          • Women, fundamentalism (Pakistan)
        • China & CPEC (Pakistan)
        • Ecology, Nuclear (Pakistan)
        • Economy (Pakistan)
        • Fundamentalism, Taliban (Pakistan)
        • History (Pakistan)
        • Human Rights & religious violence (Pakistan)
        • Human Rights (Pakistan)
        • Labor & TUs (Pakistan)
        • LGBT+ (Pakistan)
        • Migration (Pakistan)
        • Natural and Humanitarian Disasters (Pakistan)
        • Nuclear Capabilities (Pakistan)
        • Nuclear, antiwar, solidarity (Pakistan)
        • Regional Politics (Pakistan)
        • Rural & fisherfolk (Pakistan)
        • Social Forum (Pakistan)
        • Student, youth (Pakistan)
        • The Left (Pakistan)
          • AWP (The Left, Pakistan)
          • Bapsi Sidhwa
          • Haqooq-E-Khalq Party (HKP) (The Left, Pakistan)
          • Karamat Ali
          • Lal Khan
          • LPP (The Left, Pakistan)
          • The Struggle (The Left, Pakistan)
        • Urban (Pakistan)
      • Philippines
        • Political Situation
        • Health (Philippines)
          • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Philippines)
        • Mindanao (Philippines)
          • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Mindanao)
          • Bangsamoro Political Entity (Mindanao)
            • Moros Movements (history, Mindanao)
          • Clans & violence (Mindanao)
          • Climate (Mindanao)
          • Economy, social (Mindanao)
          • History (Mindanao)
          • Humanitarian Disasters (Mindanao)
          • Lumad (Mindanao)
          • Peace process (Mindanao)
          • Secular, Politics & Churches (Mindanao)
        • The Left (Philippines)
          • CPP (killings) (Philippines)
          • CPP (Purges) (Philippines)
          • History (The Left, Philippines)
          • Peace process (Philippines)
          • Persons (the Left, Philippines)
            • Aileen San Pablo Baviera
            • Armando J. Malay
            • Benito and Wilma Tiamzon
            • Carlos Bulosan
            • Celia Mariano Pomeroy
            • Edcel Lagman
            • Emmanuel “Noel” S. de Dios
            • Francisco “Dodong” Nemenzo
            • Hannah Jay Cesista
            • Jose Maria Sison
            • Lean Alejandro
            • Margaret Schirmer
            • Max de Mesa
            • Nathan Quimpo
            • Patricio N. Abinales
            • Popoy Lagman
            • R. « Sonny » Mesina, Jr.
            • Randolf “Randy” S. David
            • Risa Hontiveros
            • Ruben
            • Tripon/Zandro/Jojo
            • Walden Bello
          • The Left and self-determination (Mindanao)
        • Women (Philippines)
          • History (women, Philippines)
          • Prostitution (Philippines)
          • Reproductive Rights (Philippines)
          • Solidarity (women)
        • Antiwar, International Solidarity (Philippines)
        • Debt, poverty, Common Goods (Philippines)
        • Disasters (Philippines)
        • Ecology (Philippines)
        • Economy & trade, social (Philippines)
        • Education (Philippines)
        • Geopolitics and international relations (Philippines)
        • History, society, culture (Philippines)
          • Rodrigo Duterte
        • Human Rights (Philippines)
        • Indigenous Peoples (Philippines)
        • Labor (Philippines)
          • Migrant, Migration (labor, Philippines)
        • LGBT+ (Philippines)
        • Military policy (Philippines)
        • Nuclear (Philippines)
        • Rural & Fisherfolks (Philippines)
        • Urban (Philippines)
      • Singapore
        • Epidemics / Pandemics (Singapore, health)
        • LGBT+ (Singapore)
        • Migrant workers (Singapore)
      • Sri Lanka
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Sri Lanka)
        • The left (Sri Lanka)
          • History (The Left, Sri Lanka)
            • Bala Tampoe
            • JVP and Rohana Wijeweera (Sri Lanka)
            • Linus Jayatilake
            • Santasilan Kadirgamar
            • Upali Cooray
          • Left Voice / Wame Handa (The Left, Sri Lanka)
          • NSSP-NLF (The Left, Sri Lanka)
          • Socialist People’s Forum (Samajawadi Janatha Sansadaya)
          • Working People Party (Sri Lanka)
        • Women (Sri Lanka)
        • Aid, humanitarian crisis (Sri Lanka)
        • Economy (Sri Lanka)
        • Fundamentalism, Religious violences (Sri Lanka)
        • History (Sri Lanka)
          • History (after independence, Sri Lanka)
          • History (Ceylon before independence)
        • Labor & TUs (Sri Lanka)
        • LGBT+ (Sri Lanka)
        • Muslims (Sri Lanka)
        • Rural (Sri Lanka)
        • Tamils (Sri Lanka)
      • Taiwan
        • Epidemics / Pandemics (health, Taiwan)
        • History (Taiwan)
        • International Relations (Taiwan)
        • International Solidarity (Taiwan)
        • Labor / Labour (Taiwan)
        • LGBT+ (Taiwan)
        • Migrants (Taiwan)
        • Military (Taiwan)
        • Regional Tensions (Taiwan)
        • Society (Taiwan)
        • The Left (Taiwan)
        • Women (Taiwan)
      • Thailand
        • Health (Thailand)
          • Pandemics (health, Thailand)
        • On the Left (Thailand)
        • Regime, society (Thailand)
        • Women (Thailand)
        • Culture, society (Thailand)
        • Deep South (Thailand)
        • Disasters (Thailand)
        • Ecology, climate (Thailand)
        • Economy (Thailand)
        • Géopolitics (Regional) (Thailand)
        • History (Thailand)
          • History of people’s struggles (Thailand)
        • Human Rights, law, justice (Thailand)
        • Labor (Thailand)
        • LGBT+ (Thailand)
        • Migrants, refugees (Thailand)
        • Rural (Thailand)
      • Tibet
      • Vietnam & Indochina
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Vietnam)
        • Human Rights & Freedoms (Vietnam)
        • Women (Vietnam)
        • Chemical War, Agent Orange (Vietnam & Indochina)
        • Ecology (Vietnam)
        • Géopolitics (regional) (Vietnam)
        • History and debates (Vietnam & Indochina)
        • In the capitalist transition (Vietnam)
        • LGBT+ (Vietnam)
        • Rural (Vietnam)
        • Social Movements, Labour (Vietnam)
        • The solidarity movements (Vietnam & Indochina)
    • Europe, Great Britain
      • European Geopolitics
      • European Union
        • Catalonia crisis (EU)
        • Constitution, history & crisis (EU)
        • Countries (EU & co.)
          • Health (countries, EU)
            • Epidemics, pandemics (health, EU)
          • Ecology, environment (countries, EU)
          • Friedrich Merz
          • Latvia
          • LGBT+ (countries, Europe)
          • Racism, xenophobia (countries, EU)
            • Mammadou Ba
        • Health (EU)
          • Epidemics, pandemics (health, EU)
        • Institutions, regime (EU)
        • Agriculture (EU)
          • GMO (EU)
        • Economy, social (EU)
        • Education & youth (EU)
        • Energy, nuclear (EU)
        • Environment (EU)
          • Biodiversity (EU)
          • Climate (EU)
        • External Relations (EU)
          • Europe-Africa Relations (EU)
          • Europe-Asia Relations (EU)
          • Europe-Latin America relations (EU)
          • Europe-Mediterranean Relations (EU)
            • Palestine-Israel (international relations, EU)
          • Europe-North America Relations (EU)
        • Housing (EU)
        • LGBT+ (EU)
        • Migration (EU)
        • Military (EU)
        • Public Services (EU)
        • Transport (EU)
      • Which Europe?
      • Women (Europe)
        • Debt (women, Europe)
        • History (women, Europe)
        • Reproductive Rights (Europe)
        • Violence against women (Europe)
        • Women & work (Europe)
      • Fascism, extreme right, fundamentalism (Europe)
      • History (modern) (Europe)
        • History of people’s struggles (Europe)
      • History (pre-modern) (Europe)
      • Migrants, refugees (Europe)
      • On the Left (Europe)
        • Left, epidemics, health (Europe)
        • EACL, European conferences
        • History of the Left (Europe, except France and Britain)
          • Andreas Kloke
          • Antonio Gramsci
          • Franz Kafka
          • Görgy Lukács
          • Henk Sneevliet
          • István Mészáros
          • James Connolly
          • Lennart Wallster
          • Maarten van Dullemen
          • Marijke Colle
          • Miguel “Moro” Romero
          • Mimis Livieratos
          • Pablo (Michel Raptis)
          • Paul Levi
          • Peter Waterman
          • Petr Uhl
          • Primo Levi
          • Ralph Miliband (1924 – 1994)
          • Rosa Luxemburg
            • Rosa Luxemburg (obituary)
          • Rossana Rossanda
          • Sergio D’Amia
          • Troglo – José Ramón Castaños Umaran
          • Victor Serge
          • Walter Benjamin
          • Wilebaldo Solano
          • Winfried Wolf
        • Project K (Europe)
        • The European Left Party (Europe)
      • Racism, Xenophobia (Europe)
      • Religion, churches, secularity (Europe)
      • Social movements, labour (Europe)
        • Car Industry (Europe)
        • Cost of living crisis (Europe)
        • Housing (Europe)
        • Pensions (Europe)
      • War and militarism
      • Balkans
        • Women (Balkans)
        • Balkans: Yugoslav Crisis in the 1990s
      • Eastern Europe & Russian Federation
        • Economy (Eastern Europe)
        • Belarus / Belarusia
        • Moldava
        • Russia
          • Social and labour resistance in Russia
          • Alexi Navalny
          • Anti-War Resistance (Russia)
          • Economy
          • LGBT+ (Russia)
          • North Caucasus (Russia)
          • Nuclear (weapon, Russia)
          • On the left (Russia)
            • Esteban Volkov
          • Women (Russia)
        • Tatarstan
        • Ukraine
          • Environment (Ukraine)
          • Far right (Ukraine)
          • Geology / Minerals
          • History (Ukraine)
          • Labour (Ukraine)
          • LGBT+ (Ukraine)
          • Nuclear Energy (Ukraine)
          • On the left (Ukraine)
            • Sotsialnyi Rukh (Social Movement) (Ukraine)
            • Mark Boytsun / Marko Bojcun
            • Yuriy Lebedev
          • Racism, xenophobia (Ukraine)
          • Women (Ukraine)
        • USSR, Soviet Bloc, Russian Empire (history)
          • History (Russian Empire, USSR)
            • Russian Revolution
              • Clara Zetkin
              • Lenin
              • Leon Trotsky
                • Leon Trotsky (obituary)
              • Sultan Galiev
          • Transition to capitalism in USSR and Eastern Europe
          • Women (Soviet Bloc)
      • France
        • Political situation and debates (France)
          • Emmanuel Macron (En)
        • Health (France)
          • Epidemics, pandemics, (health, France)
        • The Left (France)
          • History of the Left (France)
            • Alain Badiou
            • Alain Krivine
            • Claude Jacquin, Claude Gabriel
            • Daniel Bensaïd
              • Daniel Bensaïd (obituary)
            • David Rousset
            • Enzo Traverso
            • Gérard Chaouat
            • Gisèle Halimi
            • Jean-Michel Krivine
            • Louis Althusser
            • Michel Husson
            • Michel Lequenne
            • Pierre Granet
            • Pierre Rousset
            • Roland Lew
        • Agriculture, rural (France)
        • Andorre
        • Children (France)
          • Violences against children (France)
        • Ecology (France)
          • Energy (France)
          • Nuclear (France)
        • Ecology: Parc des Beaumonts (France)
          • France: Ornithology: from elsewhere
          • France: Ornithology: log
          • France: Ornithology: reports
        • Education (France)
        • Far Rigth, Extreme Right (France)
          • Jean-Marie Le Pen
        • French Imperialism, international relations (France)
          • Armament, nuclear (France)
          • France & the Middle-East & Mediterranean
            • Palestine, Israel (France, International Relations)
          • France: France-Asia & Pacific Relations
          • Franco-African Relations (France)
          • Relations France – LA/Carribean (France)
        • History & Memory (France)
        • Human Rights Freedoms (France)
          • Justice, law (France)
          • Terrorism (Human Rights, France)
        • LGBT+ (France)
        • Migrant, Refugee, Migration (France)
        • Military (France)
        • Olympics 2024 (France)
        • Political regime, parties, ideologies (France)
        • Racism (France)
        • Social Movements, economy and labor (France)
        • Social Protections (France)
          • Retirement (Social Protections, France)
        • Women (France)
          • Violences against women (France)
      • Great Britain & Northern Ireland (Europe)
        • Health (UK)
          • Epidemics (health, UK)
        • North of Ireland (UK)
        • Scotland
          • Epidemics / Pandemics (health, Scotland)
          • LGBT+ (Scotland)
        • Wales / Cymru
        • Women (UK)
          • Reproductive Rights (Britain)
          • Women and health (Britain)
        • Brexit (UK)
        • British Capitalism, economy
        • Education (UK)
        • Environment, Ecology (UK)
          • Biodiversity (Ecology, Britain)
        • Extreme right / Fascism (Britain)
        • History (UK)
        • Human Rights and Freedoms (Britain)
        • LGBT+ (UK)
        • Media (UK)
        • Migrants - refugees, racism (UK)
        • Monarchy (UK)
        • On the Left (UK)
          • Benedict Anderson
          • Eric Hobsbawm
          • Jeremy Corbyn
          • John Molyneux
          • Mick Gosling
          • Neil Davidson
          • Neil Faulkner
          • Norman Geras
          • Peter Gowan
          • Sheila Rowbotham
          • Sylvia Pankhurst
        • Racism, xenophobia (UK)
          • Blacks / Black people/African diaspora (UK)
          • Chinese (UK)
          • Jew (UK)
          • Muslims (Racism, Britain)
        • Secularism (UK)
        • Social and labour movements
      • Humanitarian Disasters (Europe)
      • South Caucasus (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Karabakh)
        • Armenia
        • Azerbaijan
        • Georgia
        • South Caucasus: Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
      • Turkey / Türkiye
        • Kurdistan (Turkey)
        • Women (Turkey)
        • Economy, social (Turkey)
        • History, society (Turkey)
        • Islamism (Turkey)
        • LGBT+ (Turkey)
        • Migrants (Turkey)
        • Natural / Humanitarian Disasters (Turkey)
        • The Left (Turkey)
    • Middle East & N. Africa
      • The region (MENA)
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, MENA)
      • Women (MENA)
      • Ecology (MENA)
      • Labour (MENA)
      • LGBT+ (MENA)
      • Algeria
        • Women (Algeria)
        • Ecology, Environment (Algeria)
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Algeria)
        • History (Algeria)
          • History: 1945-1962 (Algeria)
          • History: post-1962 (Algeria)
      • Bahrain
      • Egypt
        • Women (Egypt)
        • COP27 (Egypt)
        • Economy (Egypt)
        • Fundamentalism, secular (Egypt)
        • History (Egypt)
        • Human Rights (Egypt)
        • Labor (Egypt)
        • LGBT+ (Egypt)
        • Muslim Brotherhood, Islamism (Egypt)
        • On the Left (Egypt)
          • Nawal El-Saadawi
          • Samir Amin
        • Palestine § Palestinians (Egypt)
      • Iran
        • Women (Iran)
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Iran)
        • History (Iran)
          • History of people’s struggles (Iran)
          • History, society, regime (Iran)
        • Labour Movement (Iran)
        • LGBT + (Iran)
        • Religion, secular (Iran)
        • The Left (Iran)
      • Iraq
        • Women (Iraq)
        • Kurdistan in Iraq
        • LGBT+ (Iraq)
        • The Left (Iraq)
      • Jordan
        • Women (Jordan)
        • Education Sector (Jordan)
      • Kuwait
      • Lebanon
        • Women (Lebanon)
        • Hezbollah (Lebanon)
        • Industrial Disasters
        • Labour (Lebanon)
        • LGBT (Lebanon)
        • On the Left (Lebanon)
          • Joseph Tarrab
          • Mahdi Amel / Hassan Hamdan
      • Libya
        • Women (Libya)
        • Humanitarian / Natural Disasters (Libya)
        • Libya: LGBT+
        • Libya: Society, history
      • Morocco & Western Sahara
        • Western Sahara
        • Women (Morocco)
        • Ecology (Morocco)
        • Human Rights and Freedoms (Morocco)
        • Humanitarian / Natural Disasters
        • Left forces (Morocco)
        • Rural (Morocco)
        • Society, economy, history (Morocco)
      • Oman
      • Palestine & Israel
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Palestine & Israel)
        • Women (Palestine & Israel)
        • Economy (Palestine & Israel)
        • Fundamentalism (Palestine & Israel)
        • History (Palestine & Israel)
        • Human Rights and Freedoms (Palestine & Israel)
        • Labor, social movements (Palestine & Israel)
        • LGBT+ (Palestine & Israel)
        • Media (Israel)
        • Military, nuclear (Israel)
        • Movements, Left forces, solidarities (Palestine)
          • +972 Magazine and Local Call
          • Anarchists (Left, Israel)
          • Anti-war (Israel)
            • Conscientious Objector / Refusers / Refuseniks
          • B’Tslemen
          • Boycott, Disinvestment, Sanctions: Solidarity (Palestine & Israel)
          • Ella Keidar Greenberg
          • Emek Shaveh
          • Jenin Freedom Theatre
          • Left (Palestine, Israel)
            • Saadia Marziano
            • Abdul Wahab
            • Ayşenur Ezgi Eygi
            • Juliano Mer-Khamis
            • Khalil Abu Yahia
            • Moshé Machover
            • Reuven Kaminer
            • Tamar Pelleg-Sryck
            • Tanya Reinhart
            • Uri Avnery
            • Vittorio Arrigoni
            • Vivian Silver
            • Yossi Sarid
          • Matzpen
          • Physicians for Human Rights – Israel (PHRI)
          • Radical bloc (Israel)
          • Refaat Alareer
          • Salah Hamouri
          • Shovrot Kirot (“Breaking Walls”)
          • Standing Together (Israel)
          • Walid Daqqa
        • Palestinian movements (others)
          • Hamas (Palestine)
        • Palestinian movements (previous period) (Palestine & Israel)
        • Secret services
        • Society (Palestine & Israel)
      • Qatar (Eng)
        • Football World Cup (Qatar)
        • Migrants (Qatar)
      • Saudi Arabia
        • Women (Saudi Arabia)
        • Fundamentalism, sharia (Saudi Arabia)
        • Migrants (Saudi Arabia)
        • Society, history ( (Saudi Arabia))
      • Somalia
      • Syria
        • Kurdistan (Syria)
        • Pandemics (Health, Syria)
        • Women (Syria)
        • Economy (Syria)
        • History, society, culture (Syria)
        • International left (Syria)
        • Natural disasters (Syria)
        • Secularity (Syria)
        • The Left (Syria)
          • Munif Mulhem
          • Revolutionary Left (Syria)
          • Riad al-Turk (Syria)
          • Sadiq al-Azm
      • Tunisia
        • Women (Tunisia)
        • Economy (Tunisia)
        • Ennahdha, Islamism (Tunisia)
        • LGBTQ+ (Tunisia)
        • Migration, racism (Tunisia)
        • On the Left (Tunisia)
          • Ahlem Belhadj
      • United Arab Emirates
      • Yemen
        • Women (Yemen)
        • LGBTQ+ (Yemen)
    • Polar Regions
      • Antarctica
        • Women (Antartica)
      • Arctic
    • South Pacific
      • Epidemics, Pandemics (health, South Pacific)
      • Australia
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, Australia)
        • Women, (Australia)
          • Reproductive Rights (Australia)
        • Disasters - Humanitarian and ecological (Australia)
        • History (Australia)
        • History of people’s struggles (Australia)
        • LGBT+ (Australia)
        • Migrant / Migration (Australia)
        • Racism (Australia)
        • Regional Role (Australia)
      • Easter Island
      • Fiji
      • Hawaii
        • Natural Disasters (Hawaii)
      • Kanaky / New Caledonia
      • Marshall Islands (inc. Bikini Atoll)
      • Micronesia
        • Guam
      • Nauru
      • New Zealand / Aotearoa
        • Women (New Zealand/Aotearoa)
        • Epidemics, pandemics (health, New Zeland)
        • New Zealand/Aotearoa: Racism
      • Papua New Guinea
        • Papua New Guinea: Epidemics, pandemics (health)
      • Polynesia (French)
      • Solomon Islands
      • Tonga
      • Vanuatu
  • Home
  • Autres/Others
  • English
  • Français
  • Home
  • English
  • Americas
  • USA
  • On the Left (USA)
  • Biographies, History (Left, USA)
  • Mike Davis
  • ¡Mike Davis, presente!

Mike Davis (1946 - 2022)

¡Mike Davis, presente!

Tuesday 25 October 2022, by AMOVE Anthony

  
  • Haymarket Books

A tribute to Mike Davis from Haymarket Books editor Anthony Arnove.

What can one say about Mike Davis that has not been said already by so many who appreciated his brilliance, wit, clarity, and uncanny foresight?

Perhaps less has been said about Mike’s pugnaciousness, which was not an argumentativeness for the sake of point-scoring or aggressiveness born out of self-importance, but a passion for political struggle and the people he fought alongside.

“Fighting was his element. And he fought with a passion, a tenacity, and a success such as few could rival,” Frederick Engels observed of Karl Marx—and the same could be said for Mike.

Admittedly, Mike’s combativeness was not only directed at class enemies, though he was masterful when directing his fire at them. Mike was known among friends for letters written in outrage, and even hurt, to comrades he felt had gone astray. I had the displeasure of receiving a few myself. But in all our exchanges, it was evident how much Mike cared. Never once did he exert authority or expect deference because of his intellect or past contributions. He just held those of us in common work to exacting standards and took our politics as seriously as the circumstances require.

Mike’s ever-timely emails shared with friends, some of which became blog posts and longer essays, were extraordinary, exemplifying how to engage in conjunctural analysis that is grounded, historically informed, and attuned to what is emergent and requires us to rethink even long-held positions.

In 1843 Marx wrote a letter to Arnold Ruge that articulates precisely a philosophy Mike lived by: “it is all the more clear what we have to accomplish at present: I am referring to ruthless criticism of all that exists, ruthless both in the sense of not being afraid of the results it arrives at and in the sense of being just as little afraid of conflict with the powers that be.”

Mike was never satisfied with rote answers, predetermined conclusions, received wisdom. He always insisted on looking at the world anew, being rigorous, undertaking original research, and facing reality as it is, not as we wish it to be.

I recall one small study group with comrades in New York at which Mike argued for a commitment to revolutionary politics even in the face of the genuine possibility that we had collectively reached a moment in human history when revolution could not prevent capitalism’s past destruction of our planet from having irreversible, disastrous consequences. Without any guarantees of success, and despite this existential uncertainty, he insisted, we were obligated to forge ahead.

Mike laid out tasks, perspectives, and research programs for the left with amazing dexterity, but never in a dirigiste fashion or to claim credit for an idea. He simply was always thinking of important work to be done and how to do it. Ruth Wilson Gilmore and Angela Y. Davis have cited Mike’s critique of what he was among the first to call “the prison industrial complex” for its vital contribution to modern prison abolition. But a full appreciation of the many initiatives and ideas he helped galvanize could fill volumes.

Mike was committed to building a socialism that could thrive in the specific circumstances of the United States, with the many challenges that poses. Any understanding of Mike’s political project must begin with Prisoners of the American Dream: Politics and Economy in the History of the US Working Class, an indispensable book that illuminates the terrain on which socialist politics will have to be rebuilt in the United States.

While being deeply internationalist in his outlook—which is particularly evident in his books Old Gods, New Enigmas: Marx’s Lost Theory, Planet of Slums, and Late Victorian Holocausts: El Niño Famines and the Making of the Third World—and never making concessions to jingoism or centrism, he understood that the contours of national and regional cultures and idioms matter and that we cannot import our politics readymade from other outposts.

I had the great privilege of working for several years with Mike on the editorial board of Haymarket Books. At Haymarket, we took inspiration not only from Mike’s own writing but his editorial and publishing work, especially with Michael Sprinker and others on the Haymarket Series at Verso, with which we shared not only a name but a common vision.

Mike made this commitment to Haymarket Books when we were a ragtag group with some scrappiness but far more inexperience. He contributed ideas that were foundational for our project and have enabled us to have far greater impact than we ever imagined when we first started a new independent publishing project.

Mike patiently joined our editorial board calls, giving razor sharp notes on manuscripts and bringing perspective based on understanding the vital ways radical publishing projects have learned from and in turn inspired social movements. With better resources, we could have started a whole imprint devoted only to republishing out-of-print books he treasured but which had been largely lost to later generations.

Mike approached his work, first and foremost, as an organizer. Speaking at the Socialism conference in Oakland in 2010, Mike called for building “an organization of organizers,” a bold, clear thesis he often returned to that clarifies our task and the standard by which we should judge our efforts.

We can pay no better tribute to Mike’s lifelong work than trying to build organizations of organizers and renewing our commitment to a socialism that is global and revolutionary in its vision yet firmly planted exactly where we stand.

¡Mike Davis, presente!

Anthony Arnove


P.S.

• Haymarket Books / October 25 2022 :
https://www.haymarketbooks.org/blogs/474-mike-davis-1946-2022

Copyright


  • Newsletters
  • Search by author
  • Search by keyword
  • Websites
  • 37679 english articles
  • 37725 french articles
  • 28307 authors
  • 861 Web sites

Also in this section

  • ¡Mike Davis, presente!
  • Remembering Mike Davis
  • The political importance of Mike Davis
  • Read Mike Davis
  • Fire in the Belly: Mike Davis (1946-2022)
  • Mike Davis Showed Us What “Old-School Socialism” Looked Like
  • Mike Davis (1946-2022): Miscellaneous Encounters with “A Real Marxist”
  • Mike Davis, 1946-2022
  • Mike Davis, California’s ‘prophet of doom’, on activism in a dying world: ‘Despair is useless’

1996-2025  — Europe Solidaire Sans Frontières
What about us ? | Site Map | Credits | Log in |  RSS 2.0 | Twitter | Facebook | Contact

SPIP